"My belief is in my heart"; "I know I sin often, but my intentions are always
pure: after all, it is one's intention that really counts!";
"No one will reach Paradise except
for Allah's Mercy."
While all these concepts are valid (i.e.
purity of belief and intentions are necessary), it is our
readiness to obey, strive, and act that deserve Allah's Mercy.
It is perhaps for this reason that Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have
mercy on his soul) once said: "On the Day of Judgment,
Allah will allow His obedient servants into Paradise by
His Mercy and divide it amongst them according
to their deeds."
Knowledge Without Action
As Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (1058-1111
CE) argues in his Dear Beloved Son
(containing advice to his student): "Be not bankrupt of good deeds,
nor void of [spiritual] status. Know for
certain that abstract knowledge alone will neither increase you in
power, nor strengthen your situation. Likewise if
a brave warrior in possession of ten Indian swords and other
weapons was alone in the wilderness, and a great ferocious lion attacked
him, do you think the weapons could defend
him if they were not used against the lion?
"....By the same principle, if a man
read a hundred thousand theories, they would be of no use to him if
he did not try and apply them. Therefore, if you studied a hundred years and collected a thousand
books, you would not be prepared for the Mercy of Allah, the Exalted,
except by action."
Three Principles
to Remember:
From this verse three important principles
can be derived:
1-that every person
will get only the fruit of his own deeds;
2-that the fruit of
one person's deeds cannot be given to another unless he has a share
in that deed;
3-that none can attain
anything in the Hereafter without the desire to strive for it.
Abul Ala Mawdudi (1903-1979) in his extensive
exegesis of the Quran, Towards Understanding the Quran,
points out, "Some people wrongly apply
these principles to the economic problems of the world and conclude
that no person can become the lawful owner of anything except of his
or her own earned income." While Islam encourages
everyone to work hard to earn their own livelihood, there are
provisions, such as Zakat and inheritance laws that
allow one person's income to be transferred to others on the basis
of their moral and legal entitlement.
Exception to this Verse
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
said: "When a person dies, his deeds come
to an end except for three: (a)
Deeds of continuous charity (Sadaqa), (b) (written) knowledge
with which humankind gets benefit; (c) a righteous, pious son (or
daughter) who begs Allah to forgive their parents."
[Sahih Muslim]